Diseño Conceptual de Algoritmos Híbridos para la Detección Temprana de Fallas Mecánicas en Sistemas de Transmisión de Correas Transportadoras en Minería
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.65093/aci.v16.n3.2025.37Palabras clave:
detección temprana de fallas, correas transportadoras, algoritmos híbridos, fusión de datosResumen
El presente trabajo aborda el diseño conceptual de una metodología híbrida para la detección temprana de fallas mecánicas en el sistema de transmisión de una correa transportadora en la industria minera. El objetivo principal es mitigar las detenciones no programadas y los altos costos operativos asociados. La metodología integra el análisis de dos fuentes de datos: vibración y temperatura. Mediante el preprocesamiento de señales, se aplica la Transformada Rápida de Fourier (FFT) para el análisis espectral y la fusión de datos se realiza extrayendo el Valor Cuadrático Medio (RMS) por bandas de frecuencia y alineándolo con la data térmica. Posteriormente, se implementa un análisis segmentado de la progresión de estas características para establecer umbrales de alarma rigurosos y cuantitativos. Estos criterios permiten monitorear la inestabilidad y la energía vibratoria a lo largo del tiempo, identificando el estado incipiente de fallas críticas (rodamientos, desalineación). El enfoque sienta las bases para un sistema predictivo robusto, contribuyendo a la optimización del mantenimiento en el contexto de la Minería 4.0.
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Esta obra está bajo una licencia internacional Creative Commons Atribución-NoComercial-SinDerivadas 4.0.
