Diseño y evaluación del desempeño de un secador de lecho fluidizado a escala de laboratorio para partículas de polímero
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.65093/aci.v17.n2.2026.54Palabras clave:
secador de lecho fluidizado, partículas de polipropileno, transferencia de calor, cinética de secadoResumen
En este trabajo se presenta el diseño, la construcción y la evaluación del desempeño de un secador de lecho fluidizado discontinuo a escala de laboratorio para partículas de polipropileno obtenidas mediante molienda asistida con agua, por lo que requieren un secado controlado para evitar defectos durante el procesamiento posterior. El sistema propuesto es una configuración simple y de bajo costo, capaz de operar en condiciones que eviten la fusión o la degradación térmica del polímero. Para describir el proceso de secado se desarrolló un modelo basado en transferencia de calor, incorporando variables operativas y características del secador. Se obtuvo una correlación para el tiempo de secado por unidad de masa de polímero seco en función de las propiedades del aire, la geometría del sistema y la fuerza impulsora térmica. Ensayos experimentales realizados bajo diferentes condiciones de operación permitieron identificar la temperatura y la velocidad del aire óptimas para asegurar una remoción eficiente de la humedad, preservando al mismo tiempo las propiedades del polímero. Los resultados demuestran que el secador desarrollado logra un secado uniforme y el contenido de humedad objetivo dentro de las restricciones operativas, proporcionando un marco práctico para el análisis de sistemas de secado en lecho fluidizado a escala de laboratorio.
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