Catalytic hydrodehalogenation of diclofenac in aqueous phase using Fe-, Ni- and Pd-based catalytic nanoparticles
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.65093/aci.v17.n1.2026.48Keywords:
diclofenac, drinking water, emerging contaminants, hydrodehalogenationAbstract
Nanoparticles based on Fe, Ni and Pd (Fe_100, Ni_100, Pd_100, PdFe_5050 y PdNi_5050) were synthesized via chemical reduction with NaBH4 and their catalytic activity was evaluated in the hydrodehalogenation (HDH) of diclofenac in aqueous phase in batch experiments. The results demonstrated the higher catalytic activity of Pd-based systems. Monometallic Ni_100 and Fe_100 showed low catalytic activity. In Fe_100 system, the degradation followed an oxidative pathway dependent on dissolved oxygen, in addition to significant metal leaching due to Fe0 oxidation. Conversely, although PdFe_5050 proves to be highly active, the high Fe leaching limited its long-term viability. In contrast, both Pd_100 and PdNi_5050 nanoparticles achieved complete diclofenac (DFC) dechlorination within 60 min, effectively suppressing the accumulation of chlorinated intermediates. The high efficiency of PdNi_5050 was attributed to the surface enrichment of Pd within the bimetallic system. This synergy allowed PdNi_5050 to match the activity of Pd_100, despite the lower content of the precious metal. Finally, PdNi_5050 proved to be a promising alternative, maintaining high catalytic activity and stability over 10 consecutive cycles. This, coupled with the significant reduction in the associated material costs, positions PdNi_5050 as a promising option for HDH process.
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